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Simferopol International Airport
Simferopol International Airport (; (ウクライナ語:Міжнародний аеропорт "Сімферополь"); ) is an airport in Simferopol, the capital of Crimea. It was built in 1936. The airport has one international terminal and one domestic terminal. On 14 May 2015, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (which has de facto no control of the airport) voted to rename it to Amet-khan Sultan International Airport, in memory of Amet-khan Sultan. There is already an airport named after Amet-khan Sultan, it is Uytash Airport located in Makhachkala, Russia.
==History==
On 21 January 1936, the Council of People's Commissars of the Crimean Autonomous Republic decided to allocate land and begin construction of the Simferopol Airport. Simferopol to Moscow flights began in May 1936. Before the Second World War, regular air travel was established between Simferopol and Kiev, Kharkiv, and other airports. In 1957, a terminal was commissioned. Lighting equipment was installed on a dirt runway and IL-12, IL-14, and Mi-4 aircraft began landing at the airport. In 1960, a concrete runway with an apron and parking areas was constructed. The airport began to operate around the clock and in adverse weather conditions, using new aircraft such as Antonov An-10 and IL-18. In the 1950s and 1960s, the AN-2 carried cargo and passenger flights to regional centers of the Crimea, and the Mi-4 flew to Yalta. In the summer of 1960, a squadron of Tu-104 was organized for the first time in Ukraine. Starting in 1964, the An-24 was based at the airport. Construction of the second runway, designed for IL-86, IL-76, IL-62, and Tu-154 aircraft, began in 1977. On 19 May 1982, Simferopol airport was the first in Ukrainian SSR to have a wide-IL-86. In subsequent years, this type of aircraft made an average of 5.6 daily flights to Moscow. In the summer of 1989, the airport was designated as a "western alternate airport" for landing the Buran spacecraft. In the early 2000s, the old runway 01R/19L (length 2700 m, PCN 22/R/B/X/T, accommodating a maximum weight of aircraft of 98 tonnes) was taken out of service because of its lack of length and strength. Since then, it has been used as a taxi D path with a length of 2100 m (the remaining 600 meters are unsuitable for taxiing). The second runway (01/19) is now in operation and is longer, wider, and stronger, accommodating heavy aircraft.
Following the 2014 Crimean crisis pro-Russian militia forces took control of the airport on 28 February 2014. Crimean airspace was closed and air traffic disrupted for two days.〔http://news.yahoo.com/ukraine-russian-military-blocking-airport-070312640.html〕〔http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/02/28/ukraine-crisis-airspace-idUSL1N0LX1U520140228〕 On 11 March, Russian forces took over the control tower and closed Crimean airspace until the end of week. Ukraine International Flight PS65 was denied landing and diverted to Kiev.〔http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/10689654/Ukraine-crisis-Flights-into-Crimea-denied-permission-to-land.html〕〔http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=47253&icid=4&d_str=〕
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) did not recognize the Russian takeover of the airport, with its deputies expressing concerns about the safety of international flights in the region. ICAO also recommended airlines to avoid Crimean airspace. By the same token on 3 March 2014, the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol), who also did not recognize the unilateral ruling of Ukrainian airspace by another country, had confirmed that the majority of transitional air-routes have been closed, according to the articles of Chicago Convention. Ukrainian companies also suspended routes to Simferopol.〔http://argumentua.com/novosti/icao-nebo-nad-krymom-territoriya-ukrainy-gde-seichas-nebezopasno〕 Under Russia control (who is not the member of Eurocontrol), the airport operates flight mostly with Russia destinations. On June 2014 Prime Minister of Russia, Dmitry Medvedev, signed a Government resolution №960〔Об открытии аэропорта Симферополь для выполнения международных полётов〕 to open the airport for serving international flight. On 29 July 2014 Rosaviation granted Chechen airline Grozny Avia permission to conduct nonstop flights from Simferopol to the Armenian capital of Yerevan and Turkish cities of Istanbul and Antalya.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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